Clinical 🅱iochemistry

✨🍃🍂🌺🍃🍂🌺🍃🍂🌺
PTH, Parathyroid hormone, parathormone or parathyrin:
✨🍃🍂🌺🍃🍂🌺🍃🍂🌺
==================
♦️ Parathyroid hormone (PTH), also called parathormone or parathyrin, is the most important endocrine regulator of calcium and phosphorus concentration in extracellular fluid. This hormone is secreted from cells of the parathyroid glands and finds its major target cells in bone and kidney.

♦️ High PTH levels stimulate the conversion of 25¬(OH)D (inactive) to 1,25¬(OH)2D (active), while low PTH levels allows 25¬(OH)D to be metabolized to 24,25¬(OH)2D (inactive) instead of 1,25¬(OH)2D.

Addition information on how parathyroid hormone and vitamin D control calcium balance can be found in this channel, please check the link below

https://www.tg-me.com/us/Clinical 🅱iochemistry/com.Biochem_Lab/580

♦️Primary hyperparathyroidism:
Primary hyperparathyroidism results from parathyroid adenoma.
Most commonly results from a benign tumor affecting one of the four parathyroid glands. Occasionally, all four glands are enlarged. Excessive secretion of PTH results in increased bone resorption, increased renal reabsorption of calcium, and increased production of 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D (and thus increased intestinal calcium absorption). These combined actions result in hypercalcemia and, over time, bone loss due to hyperresorption. A similar syndrome occurs in patients with malignant (nonparathyroid) tumors that secrete large amounts of PTHrP.

♦️ Secondary hyperparathyroidism:
Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a result of hypocalcemia secondary to renal insufficiency or intestinal malabsorption.
can occur as a result of conditions that produce chronic hypocalcemia such as chronic renal failure. Hypocalcemia has both a direct stimulatory effect on PTH secretion and an indirect effect by promoting the increased proliferation of parathyroid cells. Over time, chronic hypocalcemia produces a massive increase in the size of the parathyroid glands due to hyperplasia. This results in very high circulating levels of PTH and excessive bone resorption, often resulting in bone pain and fragility.

♦️ Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism is a state of excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) after a long period of secondary hyperparathyroidism and resulting in a high blood calcium level.

♦️ Pseudohypoparathyroidism is a condition where excessive secretion of PTH occurs because the target tissues fail to respond to this hormone (resistance) and hypocalcaemia persists.

Action of PTH ⤵️⤵️

https://www.tg-me.com/us/Clinical 🅱iochemistry/com.Biochem_Lab/580

https://www.tg-me.com/joinchat-AAAAAECuqoTkgQkHpiHlGA

www.tg-me.com/us/Clinical 🅱iochemistry/com.Biochem_Lab/596

10.9K viewsedited  Aug 8, 2017 at 19:37

✨🍃🍂🌺🍃🍂🌺🍃🍂🌺
PTH, Parathyroid hormone, parathormone or parathyrin:
✨🍃🍂🌺🍃🍂🌺🍃🍂🌺
==================
♦️ Parathyroid hormone (PTH), also called parathormone or parathyrin, is the most important endocrine regulator of calcium and phosphorus concentration in extracellular fluid. This hormone is secreted from cells of the parathyroid glands and finds its major target cells in bone and kidney.

♦️ High PTH levels stimulate the conversion of 25¬(OH)D (inactive) to 1,25¬(OH)2D (active), while low PTH levels allows 25¬(OH)D to be metabolized to 24,25¬(OH)2D (inactive) instead of 1,25¬(OH)2D.

Addition information on how parathyroid hormone and vitamin D control calcium balance can be found in this channel, please check the link below

https://www.tg-me.com/us/Clinical 🅱iochemistry/com.Biochem_Lab/580

♦️Primary hyperparathyroidism:
Primary hyperparathyroidism results from parathyroid adenoma.
Most commonly results from a benign tumor affecting one of the four parathyroid glands. Occasionally, all four glands are enlarged. Excessive secretion of PTH results in increased bone resorption, increased renal reabsorption of calcium, and increased production of 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D (and thus increased intestinal calcium absorption). These combined actions result in hypercalcemia and, over time, bone loss due to hyperresorption. A similar syndrome occurs in patients with malignant (nonparathyroid) tumors that secrete large amounts of PTHrP.

♦️ Secondary hyperparathyroidism:
Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a result of hypocalcemia secondary to renal insufficiency or intestinal malabsorption.
can occur as a result of conditions that produce chronic hypocalcemia such as chronic renal failure. Hypocalcemia has both a direct stimulatory effect on PTH secretion and an indirect effect by promoting the increased proliferation of parathyroid cells. Over time, chronic hypocalcemia produces a massive increase in the size of the parathyroid glands due to hyperplasia. This results in very high circulating levels of PTH and excessive bone resorption, often resulting in bone pain and fragility.

♦️ Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism is a state of excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) after a long period of secondary hyperparathyroidism and resulting in a high blood calcium level.

♦️ Pseudohypoparathyroidism is a condition where excessive secretion of PTH occurs because the target tissues fail to respond to this hormone (resistance) and hypocalcaemia persists.

Action of PTH ⤵️⤵️

https://www.tg-me.com/us/Clinical 🅱iochemistry/com.Biochem_Lab/580

https://www.tg-me.com/joinchat-AAAAAECuqoTkgQkHpiHlGA

BY Clinical 🅱iochemistry