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#spanish #grammar
DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS : Part 1
✏️The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the direct object.👇
Bill hit the ball.
"Ball" receives the action of the verb "hit."
Sherry reads the book.
"Book" receives the action of the verb "reads."
✏️The direct object can also be a person.👇
Sherry hit Bill.
(DO=Bill)
✏️The direct object answers the question "what?" or "whom?" with regard to what the subject of the sentence is doing.👇
Bill hit the ball.
Bill hit what?
Bill hit the ball.
Sherry hit Bill.
Sherry hit whom?
Sherry hit Bill.
✏️Often, it is desirable to replace the name of the direct object with a pronoun.👇
Example 1
Paul bought the flowers. He took the flowers home and gave the flowers to his wife.
Example 2
Paul bought the flowers. He took them home and gave them to his wife.
✏️When the pronoun replaces the name of the direct object, use the following pronouns:👇
me (me)
te (you-familiar)
lo, la (him, her, it, you-formal)
nos (us)
os (you-all-familiar)
los, las (them, you-all-formal)
✏️In an affirmative statement with one verb, the direct object pronoun comes immediately before the conjugated verb.👇
Tengo = I have
Tengo la pluma. = I have the pen.
La tengo. = I have it.
✏️The pronoun (la) comes immediately before the verb (tengo).👇
Notice that if the subject of the sentence changes, this does not affect the direct object pronoun.
Juan la tiene.
Juan tiene = John has
Juan tiene la pluma. = John has the pen.
Juan la tiene. = John has it.
and
María la tiene.
María tiene = Mary has
María tiene la pluma. = Mary has the pen.
María la tiene. = Mary has it.
✏️However, if the direct object of the sentence changes to a masculine noun, the masculine pronoun must be used.👇
Juan lo tiene.
Juan tiene = John has
Juan tiene el libro. = John has the book.
Juan lo tiene. = John has it.
but
Juan la tiene.
Juan tiene = John has
Juan tiene la pluma. = John has the pen.
Juan la tiene. = John has it.
✏️Likewise, if the direct object of the sentence changes from singular to plural, the plural pronoun must be used.👇
Juan lo tiene.
Juan tiene = John has
Juan tiene el libro. = John has the book.
Juan lo tiene. = John has it.
but
María los tiene.
María tiene = Mary has
María tiene los libros. = Mary has the books.
María los tiene. = Mary has them.
✏️Look at how Spanish and English are different.
"Lo tengo" and "La tengo" BOTH mean "I have it."
Differences:👇
"It" has two forms in Spanish: lo, la
"Tengo" one word in Spanish = two words in English (I have)
The word order is different. In Spanish, the pronoun (lo, la) comes before the verb; in English, the pronoun (it) comes after the verb.
✏️When you try to translate literally from English to Spanish, sometimes it works very well:👇
John eats the soup.
John = Juan
John eats = Juan come
John eats the = Juan come la
John eats the soup = Juan come la sopa.
✏️Other times, direct translation doesn't work so well:👇
I eat the soup.
I = Yo
I eat = Yo como
I eat the = Yo como la
I eat the soup = Yo como la sopa.
✏️Because "como" means "I eat," the word "yo" is redundant. A better translation might be:👇
I eat the soup. = Como la sopa.
✏️Sometimes, when you try to translate literally, you run into much bigger problems:👇
I eat it. (the soup - la sopa)
I = Yo
I eat = Yo como
I eat it. = Yo como la.
This is completely incorrect!
The correct translation would be:👇
I eat it. (the soup)
La como.
✏️As you can see, directly translating sentences with direct object pronouns doesn't work, so ... don't do it! There is a better, easier way.
Learn to translate groups of words, rather than individual words. The first step is to learn to view two Spanish words as a single phrase.
Try to think of each line as a single phrase, not two separate words:👇
la como lo como
la leo lo leo
la veo lo veo
la tengo lo tengo
la compro lo compro
siguiente...👇
@espangles
BY Spanish Inglés Espangles
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