Darien Gap -
The Darien Gap is a stretch of densely forested jungle across northern Colombia and southern Panama.

No paved roads exist in the Darien Gap. Yet despite this, it has become a major route for global human migration.

#Prelims

IFoS 2023 Final Result

Few important State Govt. Schemes/ Initiatives for Prelims

Operation AMRITH
👉 It is launched by Kerala Drug Control Department to prevent overuse of antibiotics in the state.

SWAYAM Scheme
👉Declared by Odisha government.
👉Provision of 1 lakh interest free bank loans to all rural unemployed youths between 18-35 years for initiating new business ventures.
👉Eligibility Criteria: Family income less than 2 lakh


Mahatari Vandan Yojana
👉 Chhattisgarh.
👉 Provision of monthly cash assistance (1000/month) to the married women.

Dharani Portal
👉 Telangana.
👉 One stop solution for land related transactions.

Official answer key is out 👉https://upsc.gov.in/sites/default/files/AnsKey-CSP-2023-Paper-I-090524.pdf

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Global Stocktake
A new report released by UN Climate highlights the rapidly closing window of opportunity to contain rise in global temperatures within 1.5 degree Celsius from pre-industrial times.

10 Reports in News
1. Asian Development Outlook
- Released by Asian Development Bank.

2. Plastic Overshoot Day Report 2024
- Released by Earth Action.
- It is usually based on a country’s Mismanaged Waste Index.


3. Global Trade Outlook
- Released by the World Trade Organisation.

4. Corporate Climate Responsibility Monitor Report 2024
- Released by New Climate Institute and Carbon Market Watch.

5. Global Trade Outlook & Statistics Report
- Released by the World Trade Organization (WTO).
- It shows signs of fragmentation in trade flows.

6. State of Global Climate Report 2023
- It is released by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).
- According to the report 2023 was the warmest year.

7. Adaptation Gap Report
- Released by UNEP.

8. Ecological Threat Report 2023
- Released by the Institute for Economics & Peace.
9. Climate Equality: A Planet for the 99% Report
- Released by Oxfam International.

10. World Malaria Report 2023
- It is released by the World Health Organization (WHO).
- Malaria is an infectious disease caused by plasmodium protozoa.
- It is mainly transmitted by Female Anopheles mosquitoes.

3 Important Laws of Economy
1) Engel’s Law : The law which says that people generally spend a smaller part of their budget on food as their income rises.

2) Okun’s Law : The relationship between an economy’s unemployment rate and its gross national product (GNP). This states that when unemployment falls by 1% GNP rises 3%.


3) Greshm’s Law : When a government overvalued one type of money and undervalues another, the undervalued money will leave the country or disappear from circulation into hoards, while the overvalued money will flood into circulation. It is commonly stated as ‘Bad Money drives out good money.’

3 Important Curves of Economy
1) Phillips Curve : The inverse relationship between rate of inflation and rate of unemployment is shown in the Phillips curve, price stability has a trade-off against employment. Some level of inflation could be considered desirable in order to minimize unemployment.

2) Kuznets Curve : A Kuznets curve graphs the hypothesis that as an economy develops, market forces first increase and then decrease economic inequality.

3) Laffer Curve : The Laffer curve is one possible representation of the relationship between rates of taxation and the hypothetical resulting levels of government revenue

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Important Technologies In News For UPSC CSE Prelims 2024 Technology (Part 1)

- Genome sequencing
- Stem cell therapy
- Xenotransplantation
- Mitochondrial donation treatment
- Recombinant DNA technology or genetic engineering
- Transgenic plants / GM Crops
- Gene editing
- Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy
- Proton Therapy
- Precision Medicine
- While biotechnology
- Muon Tomography
- Radioactive dating
- LED
- MicroLEDs
- Optical fibres
- Web 3.0
- Dark web
- Internet of things (IoT)
- Fifth generation (5G)
- Li-Fi (Light-Fidelity)
- Near Field Communication (NFC)
- Radio-Frequency Identification ( RFID)
- Free Space Optical (FSO) communication
- Artificial Intelligence (AI)
- Generative AI
- Deepfake
- Neuromorphic Computing
- Blockchain technology
- NFTs or non-fungible tokens
- DECENTRALISED FINANCE (DeFi)

Questions asked on Schemes in past 8 years-

1) Production-linked Incentive scheme (2023)
2) Janani Suraksha Yojana (2023)
3) Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (2022)
4) MPLADS (2020)
5) Kisan Credit Card scheme (2020)
6) Service Area Approach (2019)
7) Atal Innovation Scheme (2019)
8) Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (2018)
9) National Career Service (2017)
10) National Nutrition Mission (2017)
11) National Agriculture Market’ scheme (2017)
12) Soil Health Card Scheme(2017)
13) Recognition of Prior Learning Scheme(2017)
14) RuPay (2017)
15) Scheme for Sustainable Structuring of Stressed Assets (S4A) (2017)
16) Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (2016)
17) Sovereign Gold Bond Scheme and Gold Monetization Scheme (2016)
19) Atal Pension Yojana (2016)
20) Stand up India scheme(2016)
21) UDAY (2016)

Don't focus solely on the mock test score. Analyze your performance to understand which areas need more attention and use it as a learning opportunity.

This channel and group is for exam preparation only. If someone is spamming or posting irrelevant posts or trying to sell something or sharing copyrighted material or posting advertisements, he/she will be banned without prior warning.

Thanks & Best Regards,
Dr. Gaurav J Sontake