✅Gs-3 : Economic growth- India's macroeconomic performance since 2014
🅾️Plus:
⚜️1. Employment and Real Wages: Despite the rise in the working-age population, real wages for regular workers increased marginally.
⚜️2. Infrastructure Growth: Significant infrastructure projects launched.
⚜️3. Capital Expenditure: Grew at over 20% annually for the last four years, with 37.4% growth in the fiscal year ending March 2024.
⚜️4. Job Security: MGNREGS (Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme) registrations increased, indicating job security for rural workers.
🅾️Minuses : Unemployment Rate+ Real Wage Growth+ Job Creation from Infrastructure + Fiscal Situation + Inflation
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
🅾️Plus:
⚜️1. Employment and Real Wages: Despite the rise in the working-age population, real wages for regular workers increased marginally.
⚜️2. Infrastructure Growth: Significant infrastructure projects launched.
⚜️3. Capital Expenditure: Grew at over 20% annually for the last four years, with 37.4% growth in the fiscal year ending March 2024.
⚜️4. Job Security: MGNREGS (Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme) registrations increased, indicating job security for rural workers.
🅾️Minuses : Unemployment Rate+ Real Wage Growth+ Job Creation from Infrastructure + Fiscal Situation + Inflation
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
✅Gs-2 : IR- IMEC- Issues and solution.
🅾️During the course of Gazar war, the Houthis in Yemen have blocked the ships of Israel and its western allies from accessing the Red Sea, despite naval deployment by the U.S. Navy and Europe. As a result, Israel and its western allies have been forced to take the longer route across the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa, increasing shipping time and costs.- Click here
🅾️What is the point made here?- Overcoming missing links and insulating IMEC from regional conflicts is essential for its success as a trade facilitator across regions- For this Oman provides an alternative route, with its ports accessible from the Arabian Sea, avoiding the Persian Gulf region. Read about India Oman relations- Click here
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
🅾️During the course of Gazar war, the Houthis in Yemen have blocked the ships of Israel and its western allies from accessing the Red Sea, despite naval deployment by the U.S. Navy and Europe. As a result, Israel and its western allies have been forced to take the longer route across the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa, increasing shipping time and costs.- Click here
🅾️What is the point made here?- Overcoming missing links and insulating IMEC from regional conflicts is essential for its success as a trade facilitator across regions- For this Oman provides an alternative route, with its ports accessible from the Arabian Sea, avoiding the Persian Gulf region. Read about India Oman relations- Click here
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
Forwarded from VK IAS- prelims (UPSC highlights)
#Geography #Placesinnews #IR
✅Important topics for Prelims 2024- Places in news- IR.
⚜️1. Amhara Region- https://www.tg-me.com/Geohighlights/489
⚜️2. Gaza cities- Rafah- https://www.tg-me.com/Geohighlights/509
⚜️3. Odesa and other major cities in Ukraine- https://www.tg-me.com/Geohighlights/485 and https://www.tg-me.com/Geohighlights/454 , https://www.tg-me.com/Geohighlights/269 , Pripyat River , Nord Stream 2 Pipeline (NS2P) project
⚜️4. Bucharest Nine (B9) Countries- https://www.tg-me.com/Geohighlights/300
⚜️5. Finlandization- https://www.tg-me.com/Geohighlights/295
⚜️6. IMEC- https://www.tg-me.com/Geohighlights/548
⚜️7. Myanmar- https://www.tg-me.com/Geohighlights/549
✅Important topics for Prelims 2024- Places in news- IR.
⚜️1. Amhara Region- https://www.tg-me.com/Geohighlights/489
⚜️2. Gaza cities- Rafah- https://www.tg-me.com/Geohighlights/509
⚜️3. Odesa and other major cities in Ukraine- https://www.tg-me.com/Geohighlights/485 and https://www.tg-me.com/Geohighlights/454 , https://www.tg-me.com/Geohighlights/269 , Pripyat River , Nord Stream 2 Pipeline (NS2P) project
⚜️4. Bucharest Nine (B9) Countries- https://www.tg-me.com/Geohighlights/300
⚜️5. Finlandization- https://www.tg-me.com/Geohighlights/295
⚜️6. IMEC- https://www.tg-me.com/Geohighlights/548
⚜️7. Myanmar- https://www.tg-me.com/Geohighlights/549
✅Gs-2 : Criminal Justice system- Prison reforms
🅾️What is the Model Prisons Act announced by the MHA?- Click here
➡️Read about Prison reforms and other reforms
🅾️India Justice Report (IJR)- click here
🔰Present context : Prison reforms- Impact of poor prison conditions on women prisoners- Menstrual Hygiene in Indian Prisons- National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB): Reports 23,772 women in Indian prisons, 77% in the reproductive age group (18-50 years) likely to menstruate. But Sanitary napkin distribution varies among different prisons. Many facilities do not meet satisfactory standards.
🅾️For recommendations read the article- Immediate measures are required to ensure equity and dignity for women prisoners, addressing both policy implementation and practical access to facilities and products.
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
🅾️What is the Model Prisons Act announced by the MHA?- Click here
➡️Read about Prison reforms and other reforms
🅾️India Justice Report (IJR)- click here
🔰Present context : Prison reforms- Impact of poor prison conditions on women prisoners- Menstrual Hygiene in Indian Prisons- National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB): Reports 23,772 women in Indian prisons, 77% in the reproductive age group (18-50 years) likely to menstruate. But Sanitary napkin distribution varies among different prisons. Many facilities do not meet satisfactory standards.
🅾️For recommendations read the article- Immediate measures are required to ensure equity and dignity for women prisoners, addressing both policy implementation and practical access to facilities and products.
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
✅Gs-3 : Conservation - Kerala Eucalyptus
🅾️Eco-Restoration Policy of kerala (2021):
⚜️What is it for?- Addressed the "proliferation of invasive species unsuitable for our environment."
⚜️It noted depletion of natural forests, forcing wild animals into human-occupied areas, increasing human-wildlife conflict.
⚜️Rationale: Mitigate climate change effects and restore natural habitats.
🅾️Issue : Kerala Government Issued an order allowing Kerala Forest Development Corporation (KFDC) to plant eucalyptus trees for financial livelihood.Environmentalists argued that allowing KFDC to plant eucalyptus contradicted the eco-restoration policy.
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
🅾️Eco-Restoration Policy of kerala (2021):
⚜️What is it for?- Addressed the "proliferation of invasive species unsuitable for our environment."
⚜️It noted depletion of natural forests, forcing wild animals into human-occupied areas, increasing human-wildlife conflict.
⚜️Rationale: Mitigate climate change effects and restore natural habitats.
🅾️Issue : Kerala Government Issued an order allowing Kerala Forest Development Corporation (KFDC) to plant eucalyptus trees for financial livelihood.Environmentalists argued that allowing KFDC to plant eucalyptus contradicted the eco-restoration policy.
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
✅Gs-2 : Governance- Delegated legislation.
🅾️What is delegated legislation? Importance of Proper Legislative Process?-Legitimacy through comprehensive and transparent procedures. Now there is a Worldwide trend to limit the executive's power to issue subordinate legislation
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
🅾️What is delegated legislation? Importance of Proper Legislative Process?-Legitimacy through comprehensive and transparent procedures. Now there is a Worldwide trend to limit the executive's power to issue subordinate legislation
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
image_2024-05-30_12-29-53.png
2.7 MB
✅Gs-3 : Climate change- Impact on food security
🅾️Context : Climate change affects food systems by altering plant metabolism, soil fertility, and increasing pest erosion. This article also talks about why institutional mechanisms are important for food security?
🅾️Problem : How food systems are linked with anthropogenic disruptions -Click here
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
🅾️Context : Climate change affects food systems by altering plant metabolism, soil fertility, and increasing pest erosion. This article also talks about why institutional mechanisms are important for food security?
🅾️Problem : How food systems are linked with anthropogenic disruptions -Click here
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
✅Gs-2 : RPA- The right to vote and get elected.
🅾️UPSC official Answerkey for 2017 says that Right to vote and to be elected in India is a constitutional right. Not a legal right but this Indian express article says that they are statutory rights.
🅾️Even NCERT is vague on this.
I will give my interpretation here
1. Legal rights= Statutory Rights: Rights granted by legislation, such as the right to vote under the Representation of the People Act, 1951 + Common Law Rights: Rights developed through judicial decisions, such as the right to privacy+ Constitutional Rights: Rights enshrined in the Constitution, such as the right to equality under Article 14.
So-all statutory and constitutional rights are legal rights, not all legal rights are statutory or constitutional.
UPSC in 2017 should have ideally given the answer as a legal right. But UPSC is the Boss.
So in case of prisoners - they cant vote, But they can contest election and this is regulated by RPA-1951.
🅾️UPSC official Answerkey for 2017 says that Right to vote and to be elected in India is a constitutional right. Not a legal right but this Indian express article says that they are statutory rights.
🅾️Even NCERT is vague on this.
I will give my interpretation here
1. Legal rights= Statutory Rights: Rights granted by legislation, such as the right to vote under the Representation of the People Act, 1951 + Common Law Rights: Rights developed through judicial decisions, such as the right to privacy+ Constitutional Rights: Rights enshrined in the Constitution, such as the right to equality under Article 14.
So-all statutory and constitutional rights are legal rights, not all legal rights are statutory or constitutional.
UPSC in 2017 should have ideally given the answer as a legal right. But UPSC is the Boss.
So in case of prisoners - they cant vote, But they can contest election and this is regulated by RPA-1951.
image_2024-06-03_09-34-19.png
1.4 MB
✅Gs-3 : Infra- Energy sector- Minerals- Grades of coals
🅾️ Here is a detailed story of the history of coal reforms Coal sector reforms- Explained in Aasan Bhasha- https://qr.ae/pNK4pD
🅾️General points for power sector - Click here
🅾️Understanding India's coal exports- Click here
👆Dont treat this present article as current affairs- it is a static topic discussed again in news- so it is relevant for prelims, just glance through- also coal production is a very imp theme for prelims - therefore go through this website- you might find a question- https://coal.gov.in/en/organisations ( CIL and CCO especially)
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
🅾️ Here is a detailed story of the history of coal reforms Coal sector reforms- Explained in Aasan Bhasha- https://qr.ae/pNK4pD
🅾️General points for power sector - Click here
🅾️Understanding India's coal exports- Click here
👆Dont treat this present article as current affairs- it is a static topic discussed again in news- so it is relevant for prelims, just glance through- also coal production is a very imp theme for prelims - therefore go through this website- you might find a question- https://coal.gov.in/en/organisations ( CIL and CCO especially)
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
image_2024-06-03_11-09-56.png
3.7 MB
#IR
✅GS2- IR- Two state solution-palestine ( Hamas )vs Israel - click here for the background
🅾️What is the Impact of Abraham accords on India?- Click here
🅾️Problems with India- Israel- Dehyphenation policy- Click here
🅾️UNSC resolutions on GAZA-Role of the UN- Click here
🔰Focus of this article?- Hurdles to a Two-State Solution, Reasons for Israel Holding on to the Status Quo and Prospects of War Leading to Peace
🛑Conclusion- War is unlikely to lead to peace, as it tends to exacerbate tensions rather than resolve them. Diplomatic efforts and international involvement are essential for progress towards a sustainable resolution.
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
✅GS2- IR- Two state solution-palestine ( Hamas )vs Israel - click here for the background
🅾️What is the Impact of Abraham accords on India?- Click here
🅾️Problems with India- Israel- Dehyphenation policy- Click here
🅾️UNSC resolutions on GAZA-Role of the UN- Click here
🔰Focus of this article?- Hurdles to a Two-State Solution, Reasons for Israel Holding on to the Status Quo and Prospects of War Leading to Peace
🛑Conclusion- War is unlikely to lead to peace, as it tends to exacerbate tensions rather than resolve them. Diplomatic efforts and international involvement are essential for progress towards a sustainable resolution.
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
✅Gs-2 : Centre - state relations
🅾️Special category Status- This is now back in news after many years. Please keep a tab on this and implications for the 16th finance commission.
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
🅾️Special category Status- This is now back in news after many years. Please keep a tab on this and implications for the 16th finance commission.
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
✅Gs-3 : Environment- Plastic treaty
🅾️Q) Discuss the significance of including the informal waste and recovery sector (IWRS) in the formulation of the Global Plastics Treaty. How can this inclusion ensure environmental sustainability and social justice? Illustrate your answer with examples from international and Indian contexts.
⚜️Context : Plastic waste ban- significance - click here
⚜️Urbanization and its Problems:Impact of inadequate municipal solid waste management on urban environments- Example- Legacy wastes in landfills
⚠️What this article focuses on?- Social Issues:Role of informal sector workers in urban economies-Socio-economic challenges and vulnerabilities of waste pickers and India's role in global environmental governance and diplomacy
🅾️Technological innovations in waste management and recycling : Bio mining
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
🅾️Q) Discuss the significance of including the informal waste and recovery sector (IWRS) in the formulation of the Global Plastics Treaty. How can this inclusion ensure environmental sustainability and social justice? Illustrate your answer with examples from international and Indian contexts.
⚜️Context : Plastic waste ban- significance - click here
⚜️Urbanization and its Problems:Impact of inadequate municipal solid waste management on urban environments- Example- Legacy wastes in landfills
⚠️What this article focuses on?- Social Issues:Role of informal sector workers in urban economies-Socio-economic challenges and vulnerabilities of waste pickers and India's role in global environmental governance and diplomacy
🅾️Technological innovations in waste management and recycling : Bio mining
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
✅Gs-2 : IR- New Caledonia.
🅾️Context : The Kanak Socialist National Liberation Front (FLNKS) urged French President Emmanuel Macron to abandon plans to modify the electoral reform in New Caledonia. Protests and riots erupted in response to the French parliament’s decision to amend the voters' list.
🅾️Keep a note on Matignon agreements of 1988.
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
🅾️Context : The Kanak Socialist National Liberation Front (FLNKS) urged French President Emmanuel Macron to abandon plans to modify the electoral reform in New Caledonia. Protests and riots erupted in response to the French parliament’s decision to amend the voters' list.
🅾️Keep a note on Matignon agreements of 1988.
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
✅GS3- Science and Technology-Defence/Internal security
✅GS-3 : Various security forces and their mandate
🎖First Indigenous aircraft carrier- INS vikrant- and Light combat Aircraft- Click here
🅾️Major Steps taken by government till now - Click here
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
✅GS-3 : Various security forces and their mandate
🎖First Indigenous aircraft carrier- INS vikrant- and Light combat Aircraft- Click here
🅾️Major Steps taken by government till now - Click here
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
✅Gs-3 : Economic growth- Exports
🅾️FTAs are critical for accessing new markets and enhancing exports but must be reviewed for actual effectiveness.FTAs alone may not significantly boost exports; strategic use and careful negotiation are required.Developed countries often include high standards that may not align with India's current capabilities, posing challenges.
🅾️There are 2 world views regarding free trade.
⚜️1) Let there be globalized value chains- markets will weed out inefficient firms and replace them with better ones
⚜️2) Empower the firms and make them competitive before you leave them to the brutal game of world trade.
🅾️India's performance on FTA is evident based on the high trade deficit. So there is a need to renegotiate free trade agreements. this article subscribes to the first view...Click here
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
🅾️FTAs are critical for accessing new markets and enhancing exports but must be reviewed for actual effectiveness.FTAs alone may not significantly boost exports; strategic use and careful negotiation are required.Developed countries often include high standards that may not align with India's current capabilities, posing challenges.
🅾️There are 2 world views regarding free trade.
⚜️1) Let there be globalized value chains- markets will weed out inefficient firms and replace them with better ones
⚜️2) Empower the firms and make them competitive before you leave them to the brutal game of world trade.
🅾️India's performance on FTA is evident based on the high trade deficit. So there is a need to renegotiate free trade agreements. this article subscribes to the first view...Click here
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
Strategy 2024- Part 2.pdf
1.7 MB
How to attempt the UPSC CSE Prelims paper?
Seniors who have a habit of clearing Prelims, stick to your strategies- you know what works for you the best! Rest of the folks- this is just one of the many ways that can work 🙂
The references made in the document are contextualised for VK IAS students- But you can feel free to use this document with your discretion - Note that these are just observation based suggestions and are not universally applicable for all - You should have known your strengths and weakness by now!
All the best for the exam!
- TEAM VK IAS
Seniors who have a habit of clearing Prelims, stick to your strategies- you know what works for you the best! Rest of the folks- this is just one of the many ways that can work 🙂
The references made in the document are contextualised for VK IAS students- But you can feel free to use this document with your discretion - Note that these are just observation based suggestions and are not universally applicable for all - You should have known your strengths and weakness by now!
All the best for the exam!
- TEAM VK IAS
✅Calmness is a superpower. It’s the ability to not overreact or take things personally.Don't let panic obstruct the flow of your thoughts. In the calm of clarity, solutions emerge and strength is found.
🅾️You may lose a question by not reading that one thing you were supposed to revise today!
🅾️But you will lose an entire year by not reminding that it takes calmness, clarity and self belief to clear the exam more than anything- Till the time you realise this truth, all those hours of toil will go down the drain.
🅾️Nothing will change in a day's revision.Everything will change with this realisation.🙂
P.s. - You are supposed to be in the exam hall before 30 minutes ( this was not the case previously- do take it very seriously!)
All the best!
🅾️You may lose a question by not reading that one thing you were supposed to revise today!
🅾️But you will lose an entire year by not reminding that it takes calmness, clarity and self belief to clear the exam more than anything- Till the time you realise this truth, all those hours of toil will go down the drain.
🅾️Nothing will change in a day's revision.Everything will change with this realisation.🙂
P.s. - You are supposed to be in the exam hall before 30 minutes ( this was not the case previously- do take it very seriously!)
All the best!