土耳其金融市场发生剧烈波动，外汇储备紧缩里拉下跌剧烈
土耳其里拉今日兑美元汇率暴跌至0.026的历史新低，单日贬值5.6%，连续七日累计跌幅达5.8%，触发央行紧急干预。这场始于汇率市场的震荡，已演变为全面经济危机。
政府目前已冻结外汇交易，金融市场波动导致消费市场结构性撕裂，基础食品价格同比暴涨112%，耐用消费品销量腰斩，实体零售额下降12%，电商交易量激增47%。
目前全球金融评级机构已全面调整土耳其主权评级，预期里拉进一步暴跌存在较大可能，银行资本缺口可能导致银行采取激进开放的引进资本策略。
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Mr. Durov launched Telegram in late 2013 with his brother, Nikolai, just months before he was pushed out of VK, the Russian social-media platform he founded. Mr. Durov pitched his new app—funded with the proceeds from the VK sale—less as a business than as a way for people to send messages while avoiding government surveillance and censorship.
The SSE was the first modern stock exchange to open in China, with trading commencing in 1990. It has now grown to become the largest stock exchange in Asia and the third-largest in the world by market capitalization, which stood at RMB 50.6 trillion (US$7.8 trillion) as of September 2021. Stocks (both A-shares and B-shares), bonds, funds, and derivatives are traded on the exchange. The SEE has two trading boards, the Main Board and the Science and Technology Innovation Board, the latter more commonly known as the STAR Market. The Main Board mainly hosts large, well-established Chinese companies and lists both A-shares and B-shares.
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